Synchronous Reluctance Electromagnetism Force sensor Piézoélectricité Modélisation Exact global optimization Relaxation method Branch and Bound Algorithm Minor loops FDTD Modeling Thermic process Magnetic field Hysterons PDE-constrained optimization Eddy currents Shooting method Boundary integral equations PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Interval arithmetic Inverse Problem Torque Décharges partielles Optimal design Optimisation Finite element method Modèles numériques Analytical model Shape-memory Alloys Axial flux machines Turbulence Actionneurs Slotless permanent magnet machines Smart materials Piezoelectric energy harvester Electromechanical actuator Magnetic scalar potential Optimization algorithms Optimization Additive manufacturing Torque Motor Control Piezoelectricity Sub-differential Accouplement magnétique Analytical modeling Topology Optimization Nonlinear modeling Paschen SIMP method Design Post-buckled beams Inverse problem Electric motor HYBRIDIZATION Modèles analytiques Numerical model Conception Magnetic coupling Piezoelectric actuators Morphing Steel sheet Maxwell equations Branch&Bound Dynamic lumped model PIV Rosen type transformer Finite elements Numerical simulation Magnetic Flux Leakage Permanent Magnet Optimal control Actuators Topology optimization Magnetostatics Electromechanical impedance Partial discharges Aerodynamics Deterministic global optimization Heat transfer enhancement Electrical machines Shape memory alloys Electric Motors Energy harvesting Time-resolved PIV Hysteresis Lorentz force law Simulation Electroactive morphing GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Piezoelectric transformer Adjoint Method Global optimization Ironless Iron losses Sensitivity Analysis Shear layer Play model Bistability Moteur électrique